Ethernet Switches

Ethernet Switches: The Backbone of Collision-Free Networking
Ethernet switches revolutionized network design by virtually eliminating the issue of collisions. Unlike their predecessors, LAN switches operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model, where they analyze the Ethernet headers and trailers to make precise forwarding decisions. Here’s why switches are essential for modern networks:
Full-Duplex Communication
Switches support full-duplex mode on all ports, allowing them to transmit and receive data simultaneously on each port. This eliminates the possibility of collisions, as each device can independently send and receive data without competing for network access. Consequently, the CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocol, designed to prevent and manage collisions in shared network environments, is no longer necessary in switched LANs and is disabled by default.
MAC-Based Forwarding
One of the key advantages of switches is their ability to forward frames based on MAC addresses. When a frame is received, the switch uses its MAC address table to determine the correct destination port, rather than broadcasting the frame to all ports (as hubs do). This targeted forwarding significantly reduces unnecessary network traffic, optimizes bandwidth, and enhances security by limiting frame access.
Scalability and Efficiency
Switches provide dedicated bandwidth to each device, enabling the scaling of network size and performance without the congestion issues that hubs faced. With each port in full-duplex mode and equipped with intelligent frame forwarding, switches form the backbone of efficient, high-speed, and reliable LAN infrastructure.
In summary, Ethernet switches have become the standard for robust and scalable network design, supporting collision-free environments, full-duplex communication, and intelligent MAC-based forwarding to meet the demands of modern network infrastructures.

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Source: LinkedIn

Credits: Mr. Wasim A.